句子插入題(Insert Text Questions)是托福閱讀考試必考題型，出現(xiàn)在每一篇文章倒數(shù)第二題，大部分考生在做此題時(shí)遇到模棱兩可的答案情況較多，容易選錯(cuò)。針對這個(gè)問題，具體分析句子插入題的考試特點(diǎn)及解題技巧！ 
 

出題形式：
 
 作為托福閱讀十大題型之一，句子插入題一般每篇文章會(huì)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)。句子插入題題目形式固定，一般表現(xiàn)為如下形式：

Look at the four squares ■ that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.

This economic reliance on livestock in certain regions makes large tracts of land susceptible to overgrazing.

Where does the sentence best fit?

■The raising of livestock is a major economic activity in semiarid lands, where grasses are generally the dominant type of natural vegetation. ■The consequences of an excessive number of livestock grazing in an area are the reduction of the vegetation cover and the trampling and pulverization of the soil. 

■This is usually followed by the drying of the soil and accelerated erosion. 

可以看到，在句子插入題中，會(huì)給出一段文字，文字里有四個(gè)小黑框，然后會(huì)給出一個(gè)加粗的句子，問這個(gè)加粗的句子放入到四個(gè)小黑框的哪一個(gè)是最合適的。不少同學(xué)由于以前沒有接觸過類似的題型，覺得句子插入題很棘手。其實(shí)只要我們掌握正確的解題思路，句子插入題是可以又快又準(zhǔn)確地完成的。 

解題思路：
  
一、代詞提示

首先我們來看代詞提示。如果插入句中出現(xiàn)代詞，如 this，these，they， such 等，那么插入句的前一句話一定會(huì)出現(xiàn)代詞指代的內(nèi)容。在給定文段中找到包含相應(yīng)指代內(nèi)容的句子，再把插入句放在該句子后即可。我們來看一個(gè)中文例子：

插入句：這是一個(gè)困擾了科學(xué)家很久的問題

在這個(gè)插入句中，我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)一個(gè)指代內(nèi)容，即“這個(gè)問題”，那我們就可以推斷這個(gè)句子的前面一句話一定說了一個(gè)問題，所以我們只需要看文段中哪一句話在描述問題，然后把插入句放到描述問題的那一句話后面就可。帶著這種思路，我們來看一個(gè) OG 中的例子：

■The raising of livestock is a major economic activity in semiarid lands, where grasses are generally the dominant type of natural vegetation.

■The consequences of an excessive number of livestock grazing in an area are the reduction of the vegetation cover and the trampling and pulverization of the soil. 

■This is usually followed by the drying of the soil and accelerated erosion. 

■This economic reliance on livestock in certain regions makes large tracts of land susceptible to overgrazing.

在插入句中，我們可以看到指代內(nèi)容“This economic reliance on livestock”，即“這個(gè)對于牲畜的經(jīng)濟(jì)依賴”，那么可以推斷在這句話的前一句話一定提到了對牲畜的經(jīng)濟(jì)依賴的內(nèi)容，所以我們回到文段中去找哪一句話提到了“對牲畜的經(jīng)濟(jì)依賴”。

 
 
?第一個(gè)小黑框的前面什么都沒有，所以我們可以不用看它了。

?第二個(gè)小黑框前面的內(nèi)容是“在半干旱地區(qū)，飼養(yǎng)牲畜是主要的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)”，既然是主要的經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)，那就是說當(dāng)?shù)匕l(fā)展、掙錢、養(yǎng)家糊口都來源于飼養(yǎng)牲畜，也就是對牲畜形成了經(jīng)濟(jì)依賴，因此插入句可以放到這句話后面，即第二個(gè)小黑框的位置。當(dāng)然，這道題到這還沒做完，我們要把其它選項(xiàng)也都分析一遍，才能保證做題百分之百的正確率。

?第三個(gè)小黑框前面的內(nèi)容是“過渡放牧的后果有植被的減少、土壤的踐踏和粉碎”，這句話描述的是過度放牧的后果，沒有提到任何“對牲畜的經(jīng)濟(jì)依賴”的內(nèi)容，所以不能把插入句放到它的后面。

?第四個(gè)小黑框前面的內(nèi)容是“這通常會(huì)伴隨著土壤的干燥和侵蝕的加劇”，也沒提到任何“對牲畜的經(jīng)濟(jì)依賴”的內(nèi)容，所以插入句不能放在它的后面。

因此，經(jīng)過我們的推斷和分析，插入句應(yīng)該放在文段中第二個(gè)小黑框的位置。

二、邏輯提示

除了通過代詞進(jìn)行語境推斷，我們還可以通過插入句中出現(xiàn)的邏輯關(guān)系詞～

常見的邏輯有因果，轉(zhuǎn)折，遞進(jìn)等，如 therefore，however 等，來推測插入句前后可能的語境。（例如，如果我們的待插入句子是“因此，他決定發(fā)奮學(xué)習(xí)”，那么我們根據(jù)邏輯關(guān)系詞“因此”就能推斷出這句話的前一句一定說了他決定發(fā)奮學(xué)習(xí)的原因。）

接下來要做的就是回到文段中，看哪一句話在敘述他決定發(fā)奮學(xué)習(xí)的原因即可?？赐炅酥形睦?，我們來分析一下 OG 中利用邏輯關(guān)系解題的例子：

■Because they are always swimming, tunas simply have to open their mouths and water is forced in and over their gills.

■Accordingly, they have lost most of the muscles that other fishes use to suck in water and push it past the gills. 

■In fact, tunas must swim to breathe. 

■They must also keep swimming to keep from sinking, since most have largely or completely lost the swim bladder, the gas-filled sac that helps most other fish remain buoyant.

Consequently, tunas do not need to suck in water.

我們可以看到在插入句出現(xiàn)了 consequently 這一表示因果關(guān)系的邏輯連接詞，既然插入句說“因此，tunas 不用吸水”，那么插入句的前一句一定在說 tunas 不用吸水的原因。

回到原文依次看四個(gè)小黑框前面的內(nèi)容，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)只有第二個(gè)小黑框前面的一句話談到了相關(guān)內(nèi)容：“因?yàn)?tunas 一直在游泳，所以他們只需要張開嘴水就會(huì)到它們的嘴里來”。既然水會(huì)自動(dòng)到嘴里來，那么 tunas 當(dāng)然不用自己吸水，所以這一句話就是 tunas 不用吸水的原因，插入句放到第二個(gè)小黑框是合適的。其它三個(gè)小黑框前面的句子均沒有談到 tunas 吸水的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。 

 
三．詞重復(fù)適用

這種銜接方法簡單粗暴明了，無需花費(fèi)大量腦細(xì)胞，完全是送分題。后面一個(gè)句子里重復(fù)使用前面句子提到的同一個(gè)詞（通常是名詞），使用此方法，我們可以清楚知道作者仍然在談?wù)撏恢黝}，因?yàn)榍昂缶渥釉谝饬x上關(guān)系密切，互相連貫。

Their competition and collaboration were creating the broadcasting industry in the United States, beginning with the introduction of commercial radio programming in the early 1920s. 

■With financial assets considerably greater than those in the motion picture industry, and perhaps a wider vision of the relationships among entertainment and communications media, they revitalized research into recording sound for motion pictures. 

■In 1929 the United States motion picture industry released more than 300 sound films—a rough figure, since a number were silent films with music tracks, or films prepared in dual versions, to take account of the many cinemas not yet wired for sound. 

■At the production level, in the United States the conversion was virtually complete by 1930. 

■In Europe it took a little longer, mainly because there were more small producers for whom the costs of sound were prohibitive…

Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage.

When this research resulted in the development of vastly improved sound techniques, film studios became convinced of the importance of converting to sound.

前面一句話已經(jīng)提及到了research, 第二次出現(xiàn)用this research, 所以答案選第二個(gè)選項(xiàng)。

以上就是《托福閱讀句子插入題，考試特點(diǎn)及解題技巧！ 》介紹。外語加油站，專業(yè)外語培訓(xùn)服務(wù)平臺(tái)?？焖倭私庋潘?、托福、SAT等外語考試報(bào)名信息、報(bào)考要求、真題詳解等，歡迎在線預(yù)約咨詢。