2023年6月英語(yǔ)四級(jí)翻譯預(yù)測(cè)

中國(guó)菜系

中國(guó)一個(gè)幅員遼闊、資源豐富、歷史悠久的多民族國(guó)家，每個(gè)民族都有其獨(dú)特的豐富菜肴。地域菜系在地理環(huán)境、氣候、文化傳統(tǒng)、民族風(fēng)俗和其他因素的影響下經(jīng)過(guò)悠久歷史的發(fā)展已經(jīng)成形。最有影響力、最具代表性的是魯、川、粵、閩、蘇、浙、湘、徽菜系，這八種被人們稱(chēng)為“八大菜系”。中國(guó)的“八大菜系”是以多種多樣的烹飪方法區(qū)分的，各有其長(zhǎng)處。

China is a time-honored multi-ethnic nation with a vast territory and abundant resources,and every ethnic group has its unique abundant dishes.Regional cuisines have taken shape after long-history evolution under the influence of geographical environment,climate,cultural tradition,folk customs and other factors.The most influential and representative ones are Lu,Chuan，Yue,Min,Su，Zhe,Xiang and Hui Cuisines,which are commonly known as“Eight Major Cuisines”.Dishes in the“Eight Major Cuisines”in China are characterized by diversified cooking skills,with each having its strong points.

賽龍舟

賽龍舟(Dragon boat racing)是端午節(jié)的一項(xiàng)重要活動(dòng)，在中國(guó)南方尤為流行。關(guān)于這項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)的由來(lái)，有一種說(shuō)法是為了紀(jì)念中國(guó)古代的著名愛(ài)國(guó)詩(shī)人屈原。龍舟的大小和樣式多種多樣，但一般都帶有裝飾性的龍頭和龍尾。賽龍舟不僅是一種體育和娛樂(lè)活動(dòng)，它更能體現(xiàn)人們心中的集體主義和愛(ài)國(guó)主義精神。賽龍舟現(xiàn)已被列入國(guó)家級(jí)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄(National Intangible Cultural Heritage List)。

Dragon boat racing is an important activity of Duanwu Festival(also known as Dragon Boat Festival),and is particularly popular in the south of China.As for its origin,one version is that it is held in memory of Qu Yuan,a famous patriotic poet in ancient China.The dragon boats vary in sizes and styles,but they are generally rigged with decorative Chinese dragon heads and tails.Dragon boat racing is not only a kind of sports and recreational activities,but also reflects the spirit of people's collectivism and patriotism.Dragon boat racing is now among the National Intangible Cultural Heritage List.

國(guó)畫(huà)

中國(guó)國(guó)畫(huà)（Chinese traditional painting）起源于約6000年前。紙張發(fā)明以前，人們主要用陶器（pottery）和絲綢作畫(huà)。隨著唐朝經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化的繁榮，傳統(tǒng)國(guó)畫(huà)逐漸興盛起來(lái)。山水畫(huà)（landscape）是中國(guó)國(guó)畫(huà)的主要種類(lèi)之一，主要描繪了中國(guó)各地的山川大河和瑰麗的自然風(fēng)光。幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái)，國(guó)畫(huà)的發(fā)展折射了時(shí)代和社會(huì)的變遷。當(dāng)今，經(jīng)典國(guó)畫(huà)主要收藏和展覽于美術(shù)館，供中外游客欣賞。

Chinese traditional painting dates back to about 6,000 years ago.Before paper was invented,the pottery and silk were mainly used for painting.With the economic and cultural prosperity of the Tang Dynasty,it has gradually gained prosperity.The landscape is one of the major kinds in traditional Chinese painting,mainly depicting great mountains and rivers in various places and the gorgeous natural landscape of China.Over the centuries,the growth of Chinese painting has reflected the change of time and social conditions.Nowadays,the classic Chinese traditional paintings are mainly collected and exhibited in art museums,and appreciated by tourists from China and abroad.

中國(guó)龍

The Chinese dragon has long been a symbol of auspiciousness,and has an irreplaceable position in the mind of Chinese people who often call themselves“descendants of the dragon”.During the feudal period,the dragon used to serve as a symbol of the emperor and imperial authority.In modern society,it has gradually become a mascot which signifies growth,success,hard work and creativity.Considered beautiful,friendly and filled with wisdom,the dragon is believed to be able to bring good luck to ordinary people and prosperity to the country.It also symbolizes the harmony between human society and nature.

扇子

中國(guó)扇子的歷史可以追溯到3000多年前的商朝(the Shang Dynasty)。第一種扇子叫作“扇汗”(Shanhan),是拴在馬車(chē)上用來(lái)?yè)踝?qiáng)烈的陽(yáng)光，給乘客遮雨的。“扇汗”有點(diǎn)像現(xiàn)在的雨傘。后來(lái)“扇汗”變成了由薄但是結(jié)實(shí)的絲綢或者鳥(niǎo)的羽毛做成的長(zhǎng)柄扇，稱(chēng)為中山扇(Zhangshan fan),它主要用于皇帝的儀仗(honour guard)裝飾。

The history of Chinese fan can be dated to over 3,000 years ago，around the Shang Dynasty.The first type of fan,known as Shanhan,was tied to a horse-drawn carriage to shut out the strong sunshine and shelter the passengers from the rainfall.The Shanhan was a bit like today's umbrella.Later this Shanhan became a long-handled fan made of thin and tough silk or birds5 feathers,called a Zhangshan fan,which was mainly used by the emperor's honour guard as decoration.

岳陽(yáng)樓

岳陽(yáng)樓（Yueyang Tower）矗立在湖南省岳陽(yáng)市洞庭湖岸邊，是“江南三大名樓”之一，另外兩座分別是滕王閣（Tengwang Pavilion）和黃鶴樓（Yellow Crane Tower）。自古以來(lái)，岳陽(yáng)樓一直有“岳陽(yáng)天下樓”之稱(chēng)，與有“洞庭天下水”之稱(chēng)的洞庭湖齊名。最初岳陽(yáng)樓主要是軍用，如指揮海上艦隊(duì)以及舉行閱兵儀式（military review）。著名的《岳陽(yáng)樓記》由北宋偉大的作家范仲淹所作，它使岳陽(yáng)樓聲名遠(yuǎn)播，成為中國(guó)南方著名的景點(diǎn)。岳陽(yáng)樓的結(jié)構(gòu)在中國(guó)古代建筑史上是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的，具有無(wú)與倫比的藝術(shù)價(jià)值。

Located on the shore of the Dongting Lake in Yueyang City of Hunan Province,Yueyang Tower is one of“the three most famous towers in the south of the Yangtze River”,and the other two are Tengwang Pavilion and the Yellow Crane Tower.Since ancient times,Yueyang Tower has been enjoying the title of“the best tower on this planet”,having equal status with“the best lake on earth”—the Dongting Lake.Originally,Yueyang Tower was mainly for military use,such as directing marine troops and for military reviews.The well-known On Yueyang Tower by the great writer of the Northern Song Dynasty,Fan Zhongyan,brought great fame to Yueyang Tower far and wide,making it a well-known scenic spot in southern China.The structure of the tower is unique in the architectural history of ancient China,holding unparalleled artistic values.

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